What literary movement focuses on realistic representation of life?

The correct choice, Realism, is a literary movement that emerged in the mid-19th century as a reaction against the emotional and imaginative excesses of Romanticism. Realism emphasizes a faithful and accurate portrayal of everyday life and ordinary people, often focusing on the mundane and the common experiences of individuals. It seeks to depict life as it is, without idealization or romantic embellishment, showcasing the complexities of human existence, struggles, and societal issues. Authors associated with this movement, such as Gustave Flaubert and Leo Tolstoy, are known for their detailed descriptions and character-driven narratives that reflect the real world and its challenges.

The other literary movements mentioned differ significantly in their focus and style. Romanticism, for example, values emotion and individualism over realistic representation, often highlighting extraordinary events and the beauty of nature. Modernism embraces experimentation with form and a break from tradition, reflecting the alienation and disillusionment of the early 20th century. Surrealism, on the other hand, delves into the dreamlike and the subconscious, often disregarding logical reasoning and realistic depictions in favor of fantastical and bizarre imagery. Thus, Realism stands out as the movement primarily concerned with representing life authentically.